Education Law of the People's Republic of China (Amended in 2015)
Education Law of the People's Republic of China (Amended in 2015)
Education Law of the People's Republic of China (Amended in 2015)
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No.39
December 27, 2015
(Adopted at the 3rd session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress on March 18, 1995; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Amending Certain Laws passed at the 10th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; and amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising the Education Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on December 27, 2015)
Table of Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Basic System of Education
Chapter III Schools and Other Educational Institutions
Chapter IV Teachers and Other Educators
Chapter V Educatees
Chapter VI Education and Society
Chapter VII Educational Input and Guarantee of Conditions
Chapter VIII Foreign Exchange and Cooperation in Education
Chapter IX Legal Liability
Chapter X Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution with a view to developing the cause of education, enhancing the quality of the entire nation,promoting the construction of the socialist material and spiritual civilization.
Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to education of all types and at all levels provided within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
Article 3 In developing the cause of socialist education, the State adheres to taking Marxism, Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics as its guidelines and follows the basic principles defined in the Constitution.
Article 4 Education is the basis of the socialist modernization, and the State ensures priority given to the development of educational undertakings.
The entire society shall show concern for and give support to the development of educational undertakings.
The entire society shall give respect to teachers.
Article 5 Education must serve the construction of socialist modernization and the people and be combined with production, physical labor and social practice in order to cultivate socialist builders and successors who are developed in an all-round way morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically.
Article 6 Education shall adhere to fostering integrity, and education on socialist core values shall be strengthened to enhance the educated's sense of social responsibility, spirit of innovation and practical ability.
The State conducts education among the educated in patriotism, collectivism, socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as in the importance of ideals, ethics, discipline, the rule of law, national defense and national unity.
Article 7 In education, the brilliant historic and cultural traditions of the Chinese nation shall be inherited and carried forward and all other excellent achievements of human civilization shall be absorbed.
Article 8 Educational activities shall conform to State and public interests.
The State separates education from religion. No organization or individual shall make use of religion to conduct activities that interfere with the educational system of the State.
Article 9 Citizens of the People's Republic of China shall have the right and obligation to receive education.
All citizens, regardless of ethnic group, race, sex, occupation, property status or religious belief, shall enjoy equal opportunities for education according to laws.
Article 10 The State, in light of the characteristics and needs of the different minority ethnic groups, provides assistance to the development of educational undertakings in regions inhabited by the minority ethnic groups.
The State supports and assists the development of educational undertakings in the outlying and poverty-stricken areas.
The State supports and develops educational undertakings for the disabled.
Article 11 To meet the needs of developing a socialist market economy and promoting social progress, the State carries forward educational reform, promotes the coordinated development, connection and communication of education at various levels and of various types, improves the modern national educational system and perfect the system of life-long education in order to enhance educational modernization.
The State takes measures to promote impartial education and drive the balanced development of education.
The State supports, encourages and organizes scientific researches in education, disseminate the results of scientific researches in education so as to enhance the quality of education.
Article 12 The general spoken and written Chinese language shall be the basic spoken and written language in education and teaching in schools and other educational institutions, which shall use the general spoken and written Chinese language for education and teaching.
Schools and other educational institutions in autonomous ethnic regions in which students of minority ethnic groups constitute the majority shall, based on actual circumstances, use the general spoken and written Chinese language and the spoken and written language used by specific ethnic groups or commonly used by local ethnic groups for the implementation of bilingual education.
The State takes measures to provide conditions and supports for the implementation of bilingual education in schools and other educational institutions in which students of minority ethnic groups constitute the majority.
Article 13 The State awards organizations or individuals that have made outstanding contributions to the development of education undertakings.
Article 14 The State Council and the local people's governments at all levels shall guide and administer the educational work under the principles of administration by different levels and of a division of responsibilities.
Secondary education and education at lower levels shall be administered by the local people's governments under the guidance of the State Council.
Higher education shall be administered by the State Council, and/or the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government.
Article 15 The administrative department of education under the State Council shall be in charge of the nationwide educational work, and undertake overall planning, coordination and management of the educational undertakings throughout the country.
The administrative departments of education under the people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the educational work in their respective administrative regions.
Other relevant departments under the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the related educational work within the scope of their functions and duties.
Article 16 The State Council and the local people's governments at or above the county level shall report to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels or their standing committees on the educational work as well as on the budgets and final accounts of the operating expenses for education, which shall be subject to supervision.
Chapter II Basic System of Education
Article 17 The State applies a school education system embracing pre- school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.
The State establishes a scientific schooling system. The establishment, forms of education, length of schooling, enrollment targets, objectives of teaching and so forth in schools and other educational institutions governed under the schooling system shall be prescribed by the State Council or the administrative department of education empowered by the State Council.
Article 18 The State formulates the standard for pre-school education, accelerates the popularization of pre-school education and constitutes a public service system of pre-school education that covers both urban and rural areas, especially the countryside.
The people's governments at all levels shall take measures to provide conditions and supports for school-age children to accept pre-school education.
Article 19 The State applies a system of nine-year compulsory education.
People's governments at all levels shall take various measures to guarantee school-age children and adolescents access to education.
Parents or other guardians of school-age children and adolescents as well as social organizations and individuals concerned shall have the obligation to ensure that school-age children and adolescents receive and complete the compulsory education for a prescribed number of years.
Article 20 he State implements a system of vocational education and a system of continuing education.
The people's governments at various levels, relevant administrative departments, trade organizations, and enterprises and public institutions shall take measures to develop education in vocational schools or different types of vocational training and guarantee that citizens receive such education and training.
The State encourages the development of various forms of continuing education so that citizens may receive appropriate education in politics, economics, culture, science and technology and professional education, and promotes the mutual recognition and connection of learning outcomes of different types to carry forward the life-long education for the masses.
Article 21 The State applies a national education examination system.
The administrative department of education under the State Council shall determine the types of national education examination which shall be undertaken by the institutions approved by the State for such examinations.
Article 22 The State applies a system of education certificates.
Schools and other educational institutions of established with the approval of or recognized by the State shall, in accordance with relevant regulations of the State, grant educational qualification certificates or other education certificates.
Article 23 The State applies a system of academic degree.
Institutions entitled to grant academic degrees shall grant degrees to persons who have attained the required academic or professional or technical level corresponding to academic degrees and issue degree certificates to them in accordance with laws.
Article 24 People's governments at various levels, grass-roots autonomous organizations of a mass character and enterprises and institutions shall take all kinds of measures to carry out literacy education program.
Citizens capable of receiving literacy education according to relevant regulations of the State shall receive the literacy education.
Article 25 The State applies an educational supervision system and an educational evaluation system for schools and other educational institutions.
Chapter III Schools and Other Educational Institutions
Article 26 The State formulates plans for the development of education and establishes and runs schools and other educational institutions.
The State encourages enterprises, institutions, public organizations and other social organizations, as well as individual citizens to establish and run schools or other educational institutions in accordance with laws.
To establish schools and other educational institutions, the State shall adhere to the principle of diligence and thriftiness.
The schools and other educational institutions funded or partially funded by financial funds or donated assets shall not be set up as profit-making organizations.
Article 27 For the establishment of a school or any other educational institution, the following basic conditions shall be fulfilled:
1.
......
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No.39
December 27, 2015
(Adopted at the 3rd session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress on March 18, 1995; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Amending Certain Laws passed at the 10th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; and amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising the Education Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on December 27, 2015)
Table of Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Basic System of Education
Chapter III Schools and Other Educational Institutions
Chapter IV Teachers and Other Educators
Chapter V Educatees
Chapter VI Education and Society
Chapter VII Educational Input and Guarantee of Conditions
Chapter VIII Foreign Exchange and Cooperation in Education
Chapter IX Legal Liability
Chapter X Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution with a view to developing the cause of education, enhancing the quality of the entire nation,promoting the construction of the socialist material and spiritual civilization.
Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to education of all types and at all levels provided within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
Article 3 In developing the cause of socialist education, the State adheres to taking Marxism, Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics as its guidelines and follows the basic principles defined in the Constitution.
Article 4 Education is the basis of the socialist modernization, and the State ensures priority given to the development of educational undertakings.
The entire society shall show concern for and give support to the development of educational undertakings.
The entire society shall give respect to teachers.
Article 5 Education must serve the construction of socialist modernization and the people and be combined with production, physical labor and social practice in order to cultivate socialist builders and successors who are developed in an all-round way morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically.
Article 6 Education shall adhere to fostering integrity, and education on socialist core values shall be strengthened to enhance the educated's sense of social responsibility, spirit of innovation and practical ability.
The State conducts education among the educated in patriotism, collectivism, socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as in the importance of ideals, ethics, discipline, the rule of law, national defense and national unity.
Article 7 In education, the brilliant historic and cultural traditions of the Chinese nation shall be inherited and carried forward and all other excellent achievements of human civilization shall be absorbed.
Article 8 Educational activities shall conform to State and public interests.
The State separates education from religion. No organization or individual shall make use of religion to conduct activities that interfere with the educational system of the State.
Article 9 Citizens of the People's Republic of China shall have the right and obligation to receive education.
All citizens, regardless of ethnic group, race, sex, occupation, property status or religious belief, shall enjoy equal opportunities for education according to laws.
Article 10 The State, in light of the characteristics and needs of the different minority ethnic groups, provides assistance to the development of educational undertakings in regions inhabited by the minority ethnic groups.
The State supports and assists the development of educational undertakings in the outlying and poverty-stricken areas.
The State supports and develops educational undertakings for the disabled.
Article 11 To meet the needs of developing a socialist market economy and promoting social progress, the State carries forward educational reform, promotes the coordinated development, connection and communication of education at various levels and of various types, improves the modern national educational system and perfect the system of life-long education in order to enhance educational modernization.
The State takes measures to promote impartial education and drive the balanced development of education.
The State supports, encourages and organizes scientific researches in education, disseminate the results of scientific researches in education so as to enhance the quality of education.
Article 12 The general spoken and written Chinese language shall be the basic spoken and written language in education and teaching in schools and other educational institutions, which shall use the general spoken and written Chinese language for education and teaching.
Schools and other educational institutions in autonomous ethnic regions in which students of minority ethnic groups constitute the majority shall, based on actual circumstances, use the general spoken and written Chinese language and the spoken and written language used by specific ethnic groups or commonly used by local ethnic groups for the implementation of bilingual education.
The State takes measures to provide conditions and supports for the implementation of bilingual education in schools and other educational institutions in which students of minority ethnic groups constitute the majority.
Article 13 The State awards organizations or individuals that have made outstanding contributions to the development of education undertakings.
Article 14 The State Council and the local people's governments at all levels shall guide and administer the educational work under the principles of administration by different levels and of a division of responsibilities.
Secondary education and education at lower levels shall be administered by the local people's governments under the guidance of the State Council.
Higher education shall be administered by the State Council, and/or the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government.
Article 15 The administrative department of education under the State Council shall be in charge of the nationwide educational work, and undertake overall planning, coordination and management of the educational undertakings throughout the country.
The administrative departments of education under the people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the educational work in their respective administrative regions.
Other relevant departments under the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the related educational work within the scope of their functions and duties.
Article 16 The State Council and the local people's governments at or above the county level shall report to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels or their standing committees on the educational work as well as on the budgets and final accounts of the operating expenses for education, which shall be subject to supervision.
Chapter II Basic System of Education
Article 17 The State applies a school education system embracing pre- school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.
The State establishes a scientific schooling system. The establishment, forms of education, length of schooling, enrollment targets, objectives of teaching and so forth in schools and other educational institutions governed under the schooling system shall be prescribed by the State Council or the administrative department of education empowered by the State Council.
Article 18 The State formulates the standard for pre-school education, accelerates the popularization of pre-school education and constitutes a public service system of pre-school education that covers both urban and rural areas, especially the countryside.
The people's governments at all levels shall take measures to provide conditions and supports for school-age children to accept pre-school education.
Article 19 The State applies a system of nine-year compulsory education.
People's governments at all levels shall take various measures to guarantee school-age children and adolescents access to education.
Parents or other guardians of school-age children and adolescents as well as social organizations and individuals concerned shall have the obligation to ensure that school-age children and adolescents receive and complete the compulsory education for a prescribed number of years.
Article 20 he State implements a system of vocational education and a system of continuing education.
The people's governments at various levels, relevant administrative departments, trade organizations, and enterprises and public institutions shall take measures to develop education in vocational schools or different types of vocational training and guarantee that citizens receive such education and training.
The State encourages the development of various forms of continuing education so that citizens may receive appropriate education in politics, economics, culture, science and technology and professional education, and promotes the mutual recognition and connection of learning outcomes of different types to carry forward the life-long education for the masses.
Article 21 The State applies a national education examination system.
The administrative department of education under the State Council shall determine the types of national education examination which shall be undertaken by the institutions approved by the State for such examinations.
Article 22 The State applies a system of education certificates.
Schools and other educational institutions of established with the approval of or recognized by the State shall, in accordance with relevant regulations of the State, grant educational qualification certificates or other education certificates.
Article 23 The State applies a system of academic degree.
Institutions entitled to grant academic degrees shall grant degrees to persons who have attained the required academic or professional or technical level corresponding to academic degrees and issue degree certificates to them in accordance with laws.
Article 24 People's governments at various levels, grass-roots autonomous organizations of a mass character and enterprises and institutions shall take all kinds of measures to carry out literacy education program.
Citizens capable of receiving literacy education according to relevant regulations of the State shall receive the literacy education.
Article 25 The State applies an educational supervision system and an educational evaluation system for schools and other educational institutions.
Chapter III Schools and Other Educational Institutions
Article 26 The State formulates plans for the development of education and establishes and runs schools and other educational institutions.
The State encourages enterprises, institutions, public organizations and other social organizations, as well as individual citizens to establish and run schools or other educational institutions in accordance with laws.
To establish schools and other educational institutions, the State shall adhere to the principle of diligence and thriftiness.
The schools and other educational institutions funded or partially funded by financial funds or donated assets shall not be set up as profit-making organizations.
Article 27 For the establishment of a school or any other educational institution, the following basic conditions shall be fulfilled:
1.
......